SCADA architecture: a design guide from field to control room
Design SCADA systems that scale — field layer, communications, servers, redundancy, and alarming — without painting the project into a corner.
DNP3
Utility SCADA protocol for telemetry, events, and control.
Distributed Network Protocol 3: a telemetry and control protocol widely used in electric utility, water, and infrastructure SCADA. It supports time-stamped events, unsolicited reporting, and secure-authentication extensions.
Use the concept: Industrial automation fundamentals · PLC FAT & SAT checklist template · OT backup & restore test template
In depth
IEC 61850: substation automation beyond hardwired interlocks
GOOSE messaging, sampled values, and SCL engineering — what IEC 61850 changes in substations and how to plan a migration from legacy RTUs.
PLC FAT and SAT checklist: test behavior and handover evidence
Plan factory and site acceptance around requirements, observable results, failure states, approved changes and recoverable project files.