ROS 2 in industrial robotics: where it fits
DDS middleware, real-time profiles, and the ROS-Industrial consortium — a controls engineer's map of the Robot Operating System.
ROS
Open framework for robot software, now DDS-based.
The Robot Operating System: middleware, drivers, navigation (Nav2), manipulation (MoveIt 2), and simulation for robots. ROS 2 uses DDS transport with QoS, lifecycle nodes, and real-time profiles; ROS-Industrial adapts it to factory robots.
See also: DDS · Robotics · AMR
Use the concept: Automation ROI & payback calculator
In depth
Automation ROI and payback: a business case operations can verify
Separate installed cost, cash savings, released capacity and recurring expenses, then test a conservative scenario before approving automation.
Line balancing and bottleneck capacity: work from the constraint
Estimate serial-line capacity, distinguish parallel lanes from stations, and use a small observation study before adding automation.